"The Geological Concept of Mountains in the Qur'an" by Z. R. El-Naggar

Among an endless list of evidences that go far beyond the scope of this publication, such explicit, precise and comprehensive scientific statements provide an eloquent testimony to the belief that the Qur'an is the Word of the Creator. Hence, it is the basic source of Divine guidance to man, at a time when all previous revelations have either been lost or distorted.

Literally, ihe word "mountain" (Latin Montanus ) is described as "a landmass that projects conspicuously above its surroundings and is higher than a hill". All current definitions of mountains are only confined to the outer morphology of such landforms, without the slightest notion to their subsurface extensions which have been lately proved to be several times their outward heights.
However, the Qur'an consistently describes mountains as stabilizers for the Earth's surface which hold it firmly lest it should shake with us, and as pickets (or pegs) for the Earth that hold its surface (i.e. the Earth's lithosphere) down as a means of fixation. So, the Qur'an - in very simple words - described the outward protrusion of mountains on the Earth's surface, emphasized their great downward extensions within the Earth's crust, and defined their exact role as pickets and means of fixation for that crust. Such knowledge was revealed more than 12 centuries before man stalled to wonder whether or not mountains could have roots below its outcropping parts, and before he could realize any value for the existence of mountains on the surface of our globe, a value that is only being currently conceived by a very limited number of specialists in the field of Earth Sciences.