Frame relay Class on Demand

Description

This Class-on-Demand is a complete package for training on Frame-Relay. Using the same high quality standards that have made NetMasterClass a leading provider in CCIE?classroom training, each structured block contains the video presentation with demonstrations using actual router commands, assessments quizzes based on the "spot the issues" methodology, and a DRILLiT practice lab for each block including the answer key and of course, the SHOWiT engine.


Frame-Relay Class-on-Demand outline

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Block 1 VOD 1: Frame-Relay Theory and Operations VOD
o
Frame Relay support for multiple protocols including TCP, IP, IPX and DECNET.
o
History (per FRF).
o
Theory of Operations (UNI, NNI, DLCI).
o
Frame Structure.
o
Interface Types.
o
Advantages over TDM.
o
Access speeds: dial through T3.
o
Frame over DSL (over ATM core) see newedge networks.
o
Frame-ATM internetworking.
o
Trend.
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Block 1 VOD 2: DTE to DTE Communications
o
DTE Interfaces
+ Encapsulation per interface/per DLCI
+ physical/logical
+ multipoint/point-to-point
o
Interface Status
+ Show interface
+ Show frame PVC
+ Backup interface
o
Encapsulation Types ?Which method of specifying the upper layer protocol will be used?
+ Cisco (default)
+ IETF
+ Type set on physical interface, or on end of interface-DLCI, or on end of map statement.
+ Must match end-to-end in that non-Cisco routers (Juniper) use only IETF.
+ Cisco routers will work even with mismatch, since the router does understand both.
o
Enabling CDP
+ Disabled by default on frame relay interfaces
+ Can be enabled per interface or sub-interface 揷dp enable?br /> + Frame network will be transparent to cdp
+ Enabling on physical does NOT enable it for sub-interfaces
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Block 1 VOD 3: Local Management Interface
o
Overview: purpose and operation
+ Status information between Frame-Relay devices (UNI, NNI)
+ Message types
# Status Enquiry sent by DTE
# Status Message Frame sent by DCE
# Update Status Message
o
Types: ANSI, ITU, Cisco
+ cisco
+ ansi (aka Annex-D)
+ q933a (aka Annex-A)
+ Differences
o
Configuration, Autosense
o
ELMI
o
Show and Debugs
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Number of PVCs limited by MTU.
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Block 1 VOD 4: Frame-Relay Mapping
o
Purpose, multipoint versus point-to-point
o
Dynamic (Inverse ARP)
+ Basic Operation
+ Options: frame inarp interval / ip
+ Limitations
+ Disabling
+ Clear frame inarp
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Static
+ Local Address
o
Broadcast keyword
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Map bridge / clns / IPv6
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Show frame map
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Block 1 VOD 5: Full Mesh vs. Hub and Spoke
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Topology
+ TTL, Broadcast domain segmentation
+ Mixing static and dynamic maps
+ MTU Issues
# Controller MTU vs IP MTU
# Demo: ping with high MTU, 4000 byte packet from spoke to spoke with default mtu at hub. How get packet thru.
# Ping with df-bit set, demo 揗?response. See debug ip icmp on hub.
o
Quad Zero Maps
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Block 1 VOD 6: Frame-Relay Switching in IOS
o
Real life switching equipment
o
Lab:
+ 2522, 搗irtual switch?with tunnel
+ Set clock rate for back-to-back cables
o
Dedicated Frame-Relay switch
+ Set LMI type (autosense only on DTE ints)
+ Frame route statements
+ Show frame route
o
Using the Connect syntax
o
Hybrid Switching (DCE-DTE)
+ One side is interface type dce
+ Same DLCI used in map statement on each side
+ No frame route statements
+ Could use interface-dlci on sub-interfaces, but intf-type always goes on major interface, not sub-interface!
+ See Document ID 14194
o
Back-to-Back Switching (DTE-DTE)
+ No frame switching or int type dce
+ No Keepalive disables LMI for that interface
+ Example uses interface-dlci with POINT-TO-POINT ints / could use maps.
+ Inverse arp still operates: do not need lmi for inverse arp
+ See Cisco Document ID 14193
o
Switching over a tunnel
+ No frame config on tunnel
+ Outside interfaces have frame route of incoming DLCI to tunnel DLCI. Tunnel DLCI is same on both sides
+ Example shows route statements on a layer 3 DTE interface and on an interface configured as DCE
+ See: 揝witching over an IP Tunnel?in the WAN Configuration Guide for Frame Relay
+ Completed 揤irtual Switch?Example
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Block 1 VOD 7: Bridging over Frame-Relay
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Mapping
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STP Issues on multipoint
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CDP Issues?
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Block 2 VOD 1: PPP over Frame-Relay
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PPP over Frame-Relay
+ Rfc 1973
+ Offers authentication, no map requirement, POINT-TO-POINT interface for routing protocols.
+ PPP over Frame Relay is supported only for serial interfaces.
+ Supports only IP (not IPv6)
+ Configure virtual-template interface
+ Associate DLCI with virtual-template
+ Note peer neighbor route
+ Show int virtual-access 1 to see interface statistics
+ Show frame pvc
+ Show interface virtual-access
+ DOiT Lab 8
+ Debugging
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MLPoFR for Voice over Frame Relay/ATM interworking
+ Goal: reduce delay and jitter
+ Enable queueing as desired and FRTS
+ Create a virtual template and interface multilink
+ Associate the VT with the bundle and the PVC
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Block 2 VOD 2: End-to-End Keepalive
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Useful when LMI is not end-to-end (no keepalive?)
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Modes: bidirectional, request, reply, passive-reply
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Required: set mode in map-class Frame-Relay
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Configurable error threshold and event window
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Block 2 VOD 3: Auto-install over Frame-Relay
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Configuration of target router No dhcp pool (broken?)
+ ip helper
+ bootp, not dhcp
+ frame map
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cisconet.cfg and rtr.cfg files on a tftp server
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Block 3 VOD 1: RIP, EIGRP and BGP over Frame-Relay
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RIP
+ Broadcast/multicast/unicast
+ Split horizon
+ Neighbor statements for spoke-to-spoke
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EIGRP
+ Broadcast/multicast/unicast
+ Split Horizon
+ Neighbor statements for spoke-to-spoke
+ Bandwidth-percent: physical/point-to-point/multipoint
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BGP
+ Only unicast
+ Multihop for spoke-to-spoke
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Block 3 VOD 2: Running OSPF on Frame-Relay
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Multicast/unicast
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OSPF Network types on Frame-Relay
+ Default NBMA for physical, multipoint
# Neighbor
# DR at hub
+ Broadcast
# DR
+ POINT-TO-POINT
# Limitations
+ MULTIPOINT
# advantages on hub and spoke
# host routes
+ Mixing network types
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Block 4 VOD 1: Frame-Relay Traffic Shaping
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Purpose: buffer out-of-profile, smooth bursts
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Token bucket algorithm
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Default parameters
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Map-class configuration
+ CIR, Bc, Be, Tc, holdq
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Demonstration with generator
+ Show frame pvc XXX
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Adaptive shaping
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Traffic-shape map-class command
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Block 4 VOD 2: MQC on Frame-Relay
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Policy application: physical/logical/PVC
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Classification and Marking
+ Match DLCI
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Frame-Relay Queuing Techniques
+ Maximum reservable bandwidth
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Shape average / shape peak
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Block 4 VOD 3: VOIP over Frame-Relay
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Using Router Auto QoS Macro
+ Classification and marking
+ FRTS parameters
+ Priority queuing options/config
+ FRF.12 fragmentation
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Block 4 VOD 4: Prioritizing Frame-Relay traffic
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Traffic type on a PVC
+ Priority-group
+ LLQ
+ Ip rtp priority
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FR PIPQ
+ Prioritize DLCIs. Ina map-class assign a DLCI High, Medium, Normal or Low
+ At interface, assign priority queue limits
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DLCI priority levels
+ Different traffic types placed on different DLCIs, so different CIR for each type.
+ Can use with custom or priority queueing to manage the bandwidth
+ Permits multiple DLCIs on a point-to-point. Mapping provided by priority list.
o
Broadcast queue
+ Broadcast queue has priority when transmitting below configured maximum. Maximum in bps and packets/sec. No more than the maximum is provided. A policed priority queue for broadcast traffic.
+ When configured, debug frame packet says 揵roadcast dequeue?for each RIP V2 packet. So includes multicast.
+ Show interface shows broadcast queue.
+ Test: with frame-relay broadcast-queue 200 1000 1 extended ping to 224.1.1.1 with zero timeout filled queue and then doled out the pings. Can also ping 172.16.14.255 to fill queue.
+ Buffers traffic replicated for multiple DLCIs, not original packet, which goes through normal queue.
+ Sh int shows number of packets in queue, number dropped and original number
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Block 4 VOD 5: Enhanced Frame-Relay Switching
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Traffic policing on the Frame-Relay switched interface
+ Map-class to set CIR, Bc and Be
+ All must be set
+ Up to CIR transmitted, between CIR and EIR set DE, over EIR drop
+ Apply to interface or PVC
+ Activate Frame-Relay policing
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Frame-Relay congestion management (switched)
+ Can drop traffic marked DE when threshold percent of queue depth is reached
+ Can set FECN and BECN bits when ECN queue depth percent is reached.

DL:

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