Hormones, Brain and Behavior

Description

Hormones, Brain and Behavior, Second Edition is a comprehensive work discussing the effect of hormones on the brain and, subsequently, behavior. This major reference work more than 100 chapters covering a broad range of topics with an extensive discussion of the effects of hormones on insects, fish, amphibians, birds, rodents, and humans. To truly understand all aspects of our behavior, we must take every influence (including the hormonal influences) into consideration. Donald Pfaff and a number of well-qualified editors examine and discuss how we are influenced by hormonal factors, offering insight, and information on the lives of a variety of species.

Hormones, Brain and Behavior offers the reader comprehensive coverage of growing field of research, with a state-of-the-art overview of hormonally-mediated behaviors. This reference provides unique treatment of all major vertebrate and invertebrate model systems with excellent opportunities for relating behavior to molecular genetics. The topics cover an unusual breadth (from molecules to ecophysiology), ranging from basic science to clinical research, making this reference of interest to a broad range of scientists in a variety of fields.

Introduction to The Second Edition

Donald Pfaff, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York.

In 2002, there appeared the first edition of Hormones, Brain and Behavior, dedicated to three generations of productive scientists in our field, as it had developed at that point. With five volumes, totaling about 4100 pages, it represented a massive effort by over 200 scientists. The volumes were well received.

At least four developments have taken place since 2002 and justify a second edition. Two of them are technical: the increasingly sophisticated application of molecular biological techniques and biophysical techniques to the understanding of mechanisms for hormone/behavior relations. Thirdly, we have entered an era of "translational research." Laboratory scientists are under increasing pressure to show how their work might lessen the burden of disease upon the citizenry. The fourth development is the most subtle and can explained as follows.

Some contemporary approaches to the hormonal controls of various forms of behavior can be distinguished sharply from the major theme in neuroscientific research in the past century. I characterize that classical theme as a 'hunt for specificity'. In the spinal cord, for example, the work of neurophysiologists like Sir Charles Sherrington (1947) and Sir John Eccles (1957) sought to explain why a particular reflex response occurred specifically as a result of one particular stimulus and not another. At the level of the cerebral cortex, work typified by that of Torsten Wiesel and David Hubel (1977) in the visual system and Vernon Mountcastle (1957) in the somatosensory system described cells whose responses required stimuli of a specific type in a well-defined receptive field. My own work, explaining mechanisms for lordosis behavior (Pfaff, 1999) fell into that tradition.

In contrast, new approaches to changes of global states of the CNS involve the regulation of large classes of behavioral responses to large sets of adequate stimuli. Thus, hormonal influences on mood, on exploratory tendencies, on arousal, alertness and attention would not be ‘specific’ in the manner displayed by neurons in the visual cortex, but they would be incredibly important for maintaining mental and physical health. Our field of hormones and behavior increasingly embraces these concepts.

In order to add new material, discovered since 2002, with special emphasis on clinical research, we had to adopt the following strategy. We asked authors who had contributed to the first edition, to reduce markedly the length of their treatments of findings already covered in 2002. Therefore, the reader of this current, second edition will want to refer to the first edition as well for the kind of comprehensive review we intend.

Taking the 1st and the 2nd editions of Hormones, Brain and Behavior together will afford the reader a tremendous number of facts, ranging from molecular genomics of hormone action, through biophysics, neuroanatomy, and endocrinology to animal behavior and human disease. But this bulky coverage of primary research findings is not, across the scope of several volumes, intended to be logically systematic. A parallel effort in the text Principles of Hormone Behavior Relations takes a step in that direction.

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