Svg Essentials

Description

SVG Essentials is a programmer’s guide to Scalable Vector Graphics, the official W3C recommendation for portable, scaleable images on the Web. SVG is an XML application, and has great potential as a standard, open and powerful technique for including rich graphics and animation in Web pages. Macromedia’s proprietary Flash plug-in is widely used for the same purpose, but SVG is the official solution. Complete with hundreds of code examples along with both colour and black-and-white illustrations, this title describes the SVG specification and shows how to create and manipulate SVG documents. The book uses open-source technology throughout, and readers should already be familiar with both XML and Java.

The author begins with an overview of SVG, and goes on to describe the coordinate system, the basic shapes, and how documents are structured. Chapters on paths, patterns and gradients show how to create and fill any shape, including Bezier curves. Text gets a chapter of its own, explaining how to make text follow a path or even make it read right-to-left, for international language support. Sections on clipping, masking and filters cover these more advanced graphical techniques, and an important chapter covers animation and Javascript scripting. The book goes on to show how to generate SVG from other XML data, such as MathML, used to describe mathematical symbols and equations. Finally, there is a chapter on how to serve up SVG using Java servlets.

Clearly written and logically presented, this is an excellent choice for Web developers who want to get started with SVG. –Tim Anderson

Book Description
Scalable Vector Graphics — or SVG — is the new XML-based graphics standard from the W3C that will enable Web documents to be smaller, faster and more interactive. J. David Eisenberg’s insightful book takes you through the ins and outs of SVG, beginning with basics needed to create simple line drawings and then moving through more complicated features like filters, transformations, and integration with Java, Perl, and XSLT. Unlike GIFs, JPEGs or PNGs (which are bitmapped), SVG images are both resolution- and device-independent, so that they can scale up or down to fit proportionally into any size display or any Internet device — from PDAs to large office monitors and high-resolution printers. Smaller than bitmapped files and faster to download, SVG images can be rendered with different CSS styles for each environment. They work well across a range of available bandwidths. SVG makes it possible for designers to escape the constant need to update graphics by hand or use custom code to generate bitmap images. And while SVG was created with the Web in mind, the language has a variety of other uses. SVG greatly simplifies tasks like:
Creating web sites whose graphics reflect the content of the page, changing automatically if the content changes
Generating graphs and charts from information stored in a wide variety of sources
Exchanging detailed drawings, from architectural plans to CAD layouts to project management diagrams
Creating diagrams that users can explore by zooming in and panning around
Generating bitmap images for use in older browsers using simple automatable templates
Managing graphics that support multiple languages or translations
Creating complex animation
By focusing sharply on the markup at the foundation of SVG, SVG Essentials gives you a solid base on which to create your own custom tools. Explanations of key technical tools — like XML, matrix math, and scripting — are included as appendices, along with a reference to the SVG vocabulary. Whether you’re a graphic designer in search of new tools or a programmer dealing with the complex task of creating and managing graphics, SVG Essentials provides you with the means to take advantage of SVG.

Book Info
Insightful book takes you through the ins and outs of SVG, from the basics to more complicated features. Whether you’re a graphic designer looking for new tools or a programmer creating and managing graphics, this book provides a solid foundation. Softcover.

From the Publisher
Scalable Vector Graphics –- or SVG — is the new XML-based graphics standard from the W3C that will enable Web documents to be smaller, faster and more interactive. This insightful book takes you through the ins and outs of SVG, from the basics to more complicated features. Whether you’re a graphic designer looking for new tools, or a programmer creating and managing graphics, this book provides a solid foundation.

From the Back Cover
Scalable Vector Graphics–or SVG–is the new XML-based graphics standard from the W3C that will enable Web documents to be smaller, faster and more interactive. J. David Eisenberg’s insightful book takes you through the ins and outs of SVG, beginning with basics needed to create simple line drawings and then moving through more complicated features like filters, transformations, and integration with Java, Perl, and XSLT.

Unlike GIFs, JPEGs or PNGs (which are bitmapped), SVG images are both resolution- and device-independent, so that they can scale up or down to fit proportionally into any size display or any Internet device–from PDAs to large office monitors and high-resolution printers. Smaller than bitmapped files and faster to download, SVG images can be rendered with different CSS styles for each environment. They work well across a range of available bandwidths.

SVG makes it possible for designers to escape the constant need to update graphics by hand or use custom code to generate bitmap images. And while SVG was created with the Web in mind, the language has a variety of other uses. SVG greatly simplifies tasks such as:
creating Web Sites whose graphics reflect the content of the page, changing automatically if the content changes
generating graphs and charts from information stored in a wide variety of sources
exchanging detailed drawings, from architectural plans to CAD layouts to project management diagrams
creating diagrams that users can explore by zooming in and panning around
generating bitmap images for use in older browsers using simple automatable templates
managing graphics that support multiple languages or translations
creating complex animation

By focusing sharply on the markup at the foundation of SVG, SVG Essentials gives you a solid base on which to create your own custom tools. Explanations of key technical tools–like XML, matrix math, and scripting–are included as appendices, along with a reference to the SVG vocabulary.

Whether you’re a graphic designer in search of new tools or a programmer dealing with the complex task of creating and managing graphics, SVG Essentials provides you with the means to take advantage of SVG.

About the Author
J. David Eisenberg is a programmer and instructor living in San Jose, California. David has a talent for teaching and explaining. He has developed courses for CSS, JavaScript, CGI, and beginning XML. He also teaches C and Perl at De Anza Community College in Cupertino. David has written articles for xml.com and alisapart.com on topics such as Javascript and the Document Object Model, XML validation, XSL Transformations and Formatting Objects, and (surprise) SVG. His on-line courses provide introductory tutorials for Korean, Modern Greek, and Russian. David has also been developing education software since 1975, when he worked with the Modern Foreign Language project at the University of Illinois to develop computer-assisted instruction on the PLATO system. He co-authored several of the in-box tutorials shipped with the venerable Apple II computer. David did the programming for the multimedia CD-ROM version of a series of children’s stories, and the programming for!
beginning Algebra and Spanish discs. When not programming, David enjoys digital photography, reading science fiction, and riding his bicycle.

Excerpt
Chapter 3 - Basic Shapes

Contents:
Lines
Stroke Characteristics
Rectangles
Circles and Ellipses
The polygon Element
The polyline Element
Line Caps and Joins
Basic Shapes Reference Summary

Once a coordinate system is established in the tag, you are ready to begin drawing. In this chapter, we will show the basic shapes you can use to create the major elements of most drawings: lines, rectangles, polygons, circles, and ellipses.

Lines
SVG lets you draw a straight line with the element. Just specify the x- and y-coordinates of the line’s endpoints. Coordinates may be specified without units, in which case they are considered to be user coordinates, or with units such as em, in, etc. as described in , in .” The SVG in Example 1-1 draws several lines; the reference grid in Figure 1-1 is not part of the SVG that you see here.

Stroke Characteristics

Lines are considered to be strokes of a pen that draws on the canvas. The size, color, and style of the pen stroke are part of the line’s presentation. Thus, these characteristics will go into the style attribute.

stroke-width
As mentioned in , the canvas grid lines are infinitely thin. Where, then, does a line or stroke fall in relation to the grid line? The answer is that the grid line falls in the center of a stroke. Example 1-2 draws some lines where the stroke width has been set to ten user coordinates to make the effect obvious. The result, in Figure 1-2, has the grid lines drawn in so you can see the effect clearly.

stroke Color
You can specify the stroke color in a variety of ways:

One of the color keyword names: “aqua”, “black”, “blue”, “fuchsia”, “gray”, “green”, “lime”, “maroon”, “navy”, “olive”, “purple”, “red”, “silver”, “teal”, “white”, and “yellow”.

A six-digit hexadecimal specifier in the form #rrggbb, where rr is the red component, gg is the green component, and bb is the blue component in the range 0-ff.

A three-digit hexadecimal specifier in the form #rgb, where r is the red component, g is the green component, and b is the blue component in the range 0-f. This is a shorthand form of the previous method of specifying color. To produce the six-digit equivalent, each digit of the short form is duplicated; thus #d6e is the same as #dd66ee.

An rgb specifier in the form rgb(red-value, green-value, blue-value), where each value is in the range 0-255 or a percentage in the range 0% to 100%. Example 1-3 uses all of these methods, with the colorful results of Figure 1-3 (see additional color insert).

stroke-opacity
Up to this point, all the lines in the example have been solid, obscuring anything beneath them. You control the opacity (which is the opposite of transparency) of a line by giving the stroke-opacity a value from “0.0″ to “1.0″, where zero is completely transparent and one is completely opaque. A value less than zero will be changed to zero; a value greater than one will be changed to one. Example 1-4 varies the opacity from 0.2 to 1 in steps of 0.2, with the result in Figure 1-4.

stroke-dasharray attribute
If you need dotted or dashed lines, use the stroke-dasharray attribute, whose value consists of a list of numbers, separated by commas or white- space, specifying dash length and gaps. The list should have an even number of entries, but if you give an odd number of entries, SVG will repeat the list so the total number of entries is even. (See the last instance in Example 1-5.)

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